How to Obtain Vanuatu Citizenship Fast and Easy?

9 benefits of Vanuatu citizenship

A Vanuatu passport can open new opportunities for international travel, business, and long-term planning. Here are nine reasons why investors choose a Vanuatu passport.

1. Visa-free travel to 94 countries

The Vanuatu passport opens visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 94 countries, including Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, and Russia. Some countries require electronic registration in advance.

2. Opportunity to apply for US Visitor visas

Vanuatu citizens may apply for a B-1/B-2 visa for temporary business visits, tourism, or medical treatment. The visa is issued for one entry and is valid for 3 months. The permitted length of stay is determined by US border officials upon each entry[1].

3. Investment pathway to a second passport

Foreigners can obtain Vanuatu citizenship in just 2 months, making it the fastest citizenship by investment program in the world. The process requires a non-refundable contribution of at least $130,000 to the National Development Fund.

4. Right to keep other citizenships

Vanuatu allows its citizens to have more than one passport, so you don’t need to renounce your other citizenship upon obtaining Vanuatu’s one, provided that your country of origin also permits dual citizenship.

5. Tax optimisation

Entrepreneurs can be exempt from corporate tax if they register an international business company in Vanuatu. Instead, a business owner only pays an annual fee of $300.

Vanuatu also does not tax wealth, inheritance, properties, or personal income.

6. Partial investment recovery

One of the available options under the Vanuatu citizenship programme is contribution to the Cocoa Sustainable Development Fund option. Those who choose it, receive a fund unit valued at $50,000. The unit may be redeemed after 5 years, allowing them to recover part of the amount invested while retaining Vanuatu citizenship.

7. English and French as official languages

Navigating services, legal matters, and daily life is easier in Vanuatu, as English and French are official languages. Travel and work in Anglophone or Francophone regions become more accessible, and educational options are broader, with many programs available in either language.

8. Creation of a safe haven in a country with a low crime rate

Vanuatu citizenship gives families a reliable relocation option if political, economic, or personal circumstances become unstable in their country of residence.

Vanuatu is considered a safe country for families, making it a reassuring place to move with children. Most residents report feeling reasonably secure, particularly during daytime hours. The intentional-homicide rate is 0.32 per 100,000 people, among the lowest in the world.

9. Holidays in paradise

Vanuatu is an archipelago known for its beautiful landscapes, pleasant climate, and many water activities. It is a great destination for quiet family holidays. Vanuatu citizens can enter the country anytime and spend as much time there as they want. 

The locals are renowned for their warm hospitality and welcoming spirit. Visitors consistently praise how Vanuatu nationals openly share their culture, welcome guests into community meeting houses, and go out of their way to help newcomers feel at home.

5 primary ways to obtain Vanuatu citizenship

Vanuatu law provides several routes to citizenship[2][3]. The appropriate option depends on the applicant’s ancestry, place of birth, residence history, marital status, or willingness to make a qualifying investment in the country.

Birth and descent

A person obtains citizenship by birth or descent if:

• they have at least one parent or grandparent of Vanuatuan ancestry;
• born in Vanuatu to two foreigners.

When applying for citizenship under the first option, the applicant must provide a document proving ancestry, such as a parent’s birth certificate.

A child whose parent obtained Vanuatu’s citizenship by naturalisation is also eligible for a Vanuatu passport, provided the parent held the citizenship when the child was born.

Adopted children automatically acquire Vanuatu citizenship once the adoption process is complete.

Investment

Wealthy foreign nationals can obtain Vanuatu citizenship by making a qualifying contribution of at least $130,000 to the country’s economy.

The investment route is the fastest way for foreign applicants to become Vanuatu citizens. The process can usually be completed within around 2 months and does not require the applicant to reside in the country for many years before applying.

Applicants must pass Due Diligence checks, provide the required personal and financial documents, and confirm the lawful source of the investment funds. Once approved, the investor receives full Vanuatu citizenship and becomes eligible for a Vanuatu passport.

Naturalisation

To be eligible for citizenship by naturalisation, a foreigner must reside in Vanuatu for at least 10 years before applying. Other requirements are that the applicant:

• plans to continue to reside in Vanuatu;
• renounces their other citizenship;
• is of good character;
• can speak English, French, Bislama, or any Vanuatu dialect on the level to be able to communicate;
• has passed the Citizenship test in Bislama, which includes questions on Vanuatu’s history, politics, and legislation;
• is not or is unlikely to become a charge on public funds;
• has a reasonable knowledge and understanding of the rights, privileges, responsibilities, and duties of citizens;
• has taken and subscribed to an oath of allegiance.

Spouses and children have the right to obtain Vanuatu citizenship when the applicant gets one.

If a foreigner wants to keep their other citizenship, they must file a formal application to the Citizenship Commission before their dual citizenship is recognised. In case of approval, foreigners with Vanuatu passports are not required to renounce their other passports.

Marriage

A foreign person married to a Vanuatu citizen can obtain citizenship if the couple has lived together for at least 2 years. The non-Vanuatu spouse must take the citizenship test in the language of Bislama.

Requirements for getting Vanuatu citizenship by investment

To qualify for Vanuatu citizenship by investment, applicants must meet a set of eligibility criteria, complete a Due Diligence check, and make the required investment. Additional requirements apply when including family members in the application.

Eligibility requirements

To be eligible to participate in the Vanuatu Citizenship by Investment program, CBI, the foreigner must:

• be over 18;
• have no criminal record or prosecutions;
• have no serious illnesses;
• be capable of proving the legality of their income;
• show proof of at least $250,000 in their bank account.

As part of the Citizenship by Investment program, the main applicant must pass a Due Diligence check. This involves thorough screening against international databases, such as Interpol, to ensure the applicant poses no risk to Vanuatu. A Due Diligence fee of $5,500 applies.

Requirements for family members

Investors can include family members in their Vanuatu citizenship application, such as a spouse, children under 25, and parents over 50. Children aged 18 to 25 must be full-time university students and either financially dependent on or residing with the investor. Parents must be over 50, financially dependent on the investor, and reside with them.

Vanuatu citizenship investment options

Vanuatu offers two investment options under its citizenship-by-investment programme. Applicants may contribute either to the National Development Fund or to the Cocoa Sustainable Development Fund. Investment thresholds and additional costs vary between the two options.

Contribution to the National Development Fund — $130,000+

Investment requirement. The applicant makes a non-refundable contribution of $130,000 to the National Development Fund. The contribution is used to support the country’s economic development and disaster relief efforts.

The required investment amount varies depending on the number of applicants. The main applicant contributes $130,000, with an additional $20,000 for a spouse and $15,000 for each dependent.

Expenses under the National Development Fund option

Expenses	Investor	Married couple	Family of 3
Contribution	$130,000+	$150,000+	$165,000+
Due Diligence	$5,500	$5,500	$5,500
Translation and notarisation	$2,000+	$2,000+	$2,000+
ID cards and birth certificates	$1,000	$2,000	$3,000
Biometric submission	$1,000+	$2,000+	$3,000+
Total	$139,500+	$161,500+	$178,500+

Contribution to the Cocoa Sustainable Development Fund — $165,000+

The alternative route is to contribute to the Cocoa Sustainable Development Fund, which supports the growth of Vanuatu’s cocoa industry.

The minimum contribution is $165,000 for a single investor and a family of up to 4 people. The investor pays $25,000 for each additional dependant. Bank fees apply to transactions.

After the passport is issued, the applicant also receives a unit in the Cocoa Sustainable Fund worth $50,000. After 5 years, they can redeem the unit and recover part of the investment.

Expenses under the Cocoa Sustainable Development Fund option

Expenses	Investor	Married couple	Family of 3
Contribution	$165,000+	$165,000+	$165,000+
Due Diligence	$5,500	$5,500	$5,500
Translation and notarisation	$2,000+	$2,000+	$2,000+
ID cards and birth certificates	$1,000	$2,000	$3,000
Biometric submission	$1,000+	$2,000+	$3,000+
Total	$174,500+	$176,500+	$178,500+

Documents required to obtain Vanuatu citizenship

The documents required depend on the legal basis for obtaining citizenship. Documents commonly required across several categories include:

• completed application form;
• valid passport or other identification document;
• recent passport photographs;
• birth certificate;
• marriage certificate, where applicable
• police clearance certificate;
• medical certificate;
• curriculum vitae or personal profile;
• proof of payment of the applicable fees.

All non-English papers must be translated by a certified translator. Personal document copies must be notarised by a licensed Notary Public.

For citizenship by investment, applicants usually also need to provide:

• evidence of employment, education and business activities;
• bank references;
• evidence of assets;
• documents proving the lawful source of funds;
• proof of the investment;
• supporting documents for the spouse, children, and other eligible dependants.

For citizenship by descent, applicants must provide documents of their entitlement to citizenship, such as birth certificates, parents’ citizenship records and evidence of Vanuatu ancestry.

For citizenship by naturalisation, additional documents include:

• evidence of continuous residence in Vanuatu for the required period;
• copies of residence permits or visas;
• confirmation of residence from the immigration authorities;
• evidence of knowledge of Vanuatu and its way of life;
• proof of completing the required Bislama test.

For citizenship by marriage, applicants need to provide:

• proof that the spouse is a Vanuatu citizen;
• evidence of residence and cohabitation in Vanuatu;
• copies of residence permits or visas;
• proof of completing the required Bislama test.

Renewal of a Vanuatu passport

The Vanuatu passport is valid for a maximum of 10 years. Its validity period starts on the date of issuance of the document.

To renew the passport, a Vanuatu citizen applies to an immigration office with the following documents:

• completed application form;
• most recent passport;
• two recent passport photos;
• receipt proving payment of an application fee.

You are also required to bring a witness: someone over 18 who has known you for at least 1 year. The witness must formally identify you on the application form and certify one of your photographs.

Fees and issuance period for a Vanuatu passport

Type of service	Required time	Fee[4]
Normal	Up to 21 days	VT 10,000, or $85
Express	Up to 10 days	VT 20,000, or $169
Urgent	Up to 3 days	VT 25,000, or $210

Losing, renouncing, and regaining citizenship

Losing a Vanuatu passport is possible if it was obtained by fraud. 

If a foreigner does not file an application for the recognition of dual citizenship with the Citizenship Commission of Vanuatu, their Vanuatu citizenship may be revoked if they: 

• declare their allegiance to another country;
• agree to become a national or citizen of another country;
• serve in the armed forces of another country;
• vote in a national, provincial, state, or local election in another country, or accept elective office there.

People who have acquired citizenship by naturalisation will lose it if they cross Vanuatu's border with a passport of another country[2].

To renounce citizenship, a person of full age and capacity must fill out a form of renunciation. The citizenship can’t be renounced if a person:

• doesn’t have any other passport;
• does it for the purpose of obtaining another citizenship[2].

Regaining citizenship. Former Vanuatu citizens who formally renounced their citizenship may seek to regain it. This may be relevant, for example, to individuals who gave up Vanuatu citizenship to acquire another nationality that did not allow dual citizenship.

The process requires submitting the necessary documents to the Citizenship Commission, paying the applicable fees and obtaining the Commission’s approval. Once approved, the person may also be required to take an oath before receiving a citizenship certificate[2][3].

Life as a Vanuatu citizen: what’s next?

Obtaining Vanuatu citizenship is only the beginning. New citizens can take advantage of their status by applying for visas, establishing a business, and completing other administrative procedures required for living or doing business in the country.

Applying for a US B-1/B-2 visa

B-1, B-2, and B-1/B-2 visas issued to Vanuatu citizens are valid for 3 months and allow one entry. The length of stay in the United States is determined separately by a US border officer upon arrival[1].

1. Complete Form DS-160. Fill in the form through the Consular Electronic Application Center. After submission, print the confirmation page with the barcode.

2. Pay the visa fee. Pay the non-refundable application fee of $185 according to the instructions of the US Embassy in Port Moresby[5].

3. Book an interview. Schedule an appointment through the Embassy’s online Nonimmigrant Visa Appointment System.

4. Prepare the required documents. Applicants should bring:

• passport valid for at least 6 months beyond the intended stay;
• DS-160 confirmation page;
• recent photograph with a white background;
• any additional documents requested by the Embassy.

A consular officer may request evidence of the purpose of the trip, sufficient funds, and the applicant’s intention to leave the US after the visit. This may include employment or business documents, property records, bank statements, and information about the planned journey.

5. Attend the interview. Vanuatu citizens are generally required to attend an in-person interview at the US Embassy in Port Moresby. The officer may ask about the purpose and duration of the trip, available funds, and ties outside the US.

6. Post a visa bond. Vanuatu citizenship must provide a bond of $5,000, $10,000, or $15,000. The amount is determined during the interview.

7. Wait for the decision. If the visa is approved, the Embassy will explain how the passport will be returned or collected. Processing times vary, and some applications may require additional administrative checks. Applicants should avoid purchasing non-refundable tickets before receiving the visa.

Registering a company in Vanuatu

To set up an International Company, IC, in Vanuatu, start by selecting the IC structure. These entities may benefit from statutory exemptions from certain taxes, duties, and exchange-control restrictions until December 31st, 2099. A separate annual government registration fee of $300 applies[6].

Next, appoint a licensed local agent. Vanuatu law requires all offshore entities to work with a Vanuatu Financial Services Commission, VFSC, approved agent, responsible for filings and maintaining statutory records.

Once your agent is appointed, reserve your company name through the VFSC e-registry portal. Create an account, search for your preferred name, and pay the reservation fee.

Prepare and submit your incorporation documents via the same portal. These include:

• Memorandum and Articles of Association;
• details of directors, shareholders, and beneficial owners;
• registered physical and postal address in Vanuatu;
• agent appointment form.

After filing, pay the incorporation fee of $150 along with the annual licence fee of $300 to keep your IC in good standing.

Once everything is submitted, you’ll receive a Certificate of Incorporation within a few days, followed by a separate Tax Exemption Certificate confirming your tax-free status.

To remain compliant, the company must file an annual return through the VFSC portal each year.

Obtaining a Vanuatu driving licence

Vanuatu does not have reciprocal licence-exchange agreements. Regardless of your original issuing country, you may drive on your foreign licence for up to 3 months after settling in Vanuatu.

To obtain Vanuatu driving licence, you need to:

1. Obtain a Vanuatu learner’s licence, which costs VT 1,500[7], ≈ $12.60.
2. Pass the driving test at the Vanuatu Police Traffic Section.
3. Submit your learner’s licence and Certificate of Ability to Drive.
4. Pay VT 5,000, ≈ $40, for your full Vanuatu licence.

A Vanuatu driving licence is valid for 3 years. When it expires, there is no need to retake the driving test — simply renew the licence by providing a medical certificate and paying a fee of around $40[8].

Cost of living and purchasing property in Vanuatu

For those considering relocating to Vanuatu, understanding everyday expenses and the process of buying property is an essential part of planning. As a citizen, you can purchase residential real estate under the same conditions as locals.

Cost of living

Port Vila, Vanuatu’s capital, is about 17% more expensive than the EU average and 5% higher than the US, with monthly costs near €4,200. High import fees and limited housing on Efate, the island where Port Vila is located, drive prices up, making everyday essentials pricier than in most EU capitals and major US cities.

Purchasing real estate

As a Vanuatu citizen, you have the same rights as locals when it comes to purchasing freehold residential property. If you’re ready to move in upon arrival, the process is straightforward.

Start by engaging a local real estate agent who can quickly arrange property viewings and advise on neighbourhoods, pricing, and rental yield. Once you've narrowed down your options, inspections can often be scheduled for the same day or the next. Citizens aren’t subject to foreign buyer restrictions, such as limitations on purchasing freehold land, so transactions can proceed quickly and smoothly.

After selecting a property, your agent or lawyer will draft the Sale Agreement. A deposit of 5—10% is typically paid upon signing. While government consent is not required, it’s still wise to instruct a local solicitor to check the property title, outstanding rates, encumbrances, and zoning and building permits.

Most buyers pay in cash or use private financing, as local mortgages are rare and interest rates are high. You’ll also pay stamp duty of around 2—3% of the sale price, plus legal fees of 1—1.5%. The sale of commercial property may be subject to VAT at the rate of 15%[9].

Your solicitor will handle the transfer through the Vanuatu Land Registry, and within 1—2 weeks you’ll receive the new title. Once the balance is paid and the title is in your name, you can collect the keys and move in.

Potential drawbacks of Vanuatu citizenship

While Vanuatu citizenship offers many advantages, it also has certain limitations. Understanding these potential drawbacks can help investors make a balanced and informed decision.

No visa-free travel to the UK, US, and EU

Vanuatu second passport holders must secure visas for the UK, US, and EU, adding extra application steps, fees, and wait times before travel. Visa-free access to Schengen states was permanently revoked on February 3rd, 2025[10].

Limited global recognition

Vanuatu’s passport isn’t as widely accepted as those of larger nations. Opening bank accounts, setting up companies, or securing professional licences in many countries can be more cumbersome without a well-recognised passport.

Fewer embassies and consulates abroad mean less on-the-ground assistance if one runs into legal or medical emergencies.

Remote geographic location

Vanuatu is over 3,000 km from major global hubs, which can make access to international flights, specialised healthcare, and business centres more limited and costly. However, it’s relatively close to Australia, with Brisbane just a 2.5-hour flight away, offering easy access to a nearby hub for healthcare, business, and global travel.

Climate risks

The country’s acute vulnerability to climate change is a notable drawback of living in Vanuatu. Rising sea levels threaten to submerge low-lying land, contaminate freshwater sources, and displace coastal villages. More intense cyclones and coastal erosion may damage homes, ecosystems, and vital industries such as tourism and fishing.

Best second citizenship countries in Oceania and the Caribbean

Investors seeking second citizenship can choose between programmes in Oceania and the Caribbean. Oceania offers 2 options in Vanuatu and Nauru, while 5 Caribbean countries run established citizenship by investment programmes: 

• Dominica, 
• Grenada, 
• Antigua and Barbuda, 
• Saint Lucia, 
• St Kitts and Nevis.

Application process. Most Caribbean citizenship by investment applications can be completed largely remotely, although some countries impose additional conditions. St Kitts and Nevis requires applicants to submit biometric data and collect their passports in person, while Antigua and Barbuda requires citizens to spend at least 5 days in the country within the first 5 years. 

Vanuatu requires applicants to submit biometric data in person. Nauru offers the most convenient procedure, as the entire application process can be completed remotely without visiting the country.

Processing time. Vanuatu is the fastest option, with citizenship usually obtained in around 2 months. Nauru takes approximately 3 months. Processing times for Caribbean programmes vary:

• 4+ months in St Kitts and Nevis;
• 6+ months in Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, and St Lucia;
• 8+ months in Grenada.

Investment threshold. Nauru currently offers the lowest minimum contribution among these citizenship programmes, starting at $90,000. Vanuatu follows, with a minimum investment of $130,000. Caribbean programmes require a minimum investment of at least $200,000—250,000.

Taxation. Caribbean CBI countries do not levy wealth, inheritance, or capital gains taxes. Antigua and Barbuda and St Kitts and Nevis also have no personal income tax. In Dominica, Grenada, and Saint Lucia, tax obligations depend on residence and income source. Vanuatu and Nauru also offer favourable tax systems.

Access to the US. Citizens of Grenada, Saint Lucia, and St Kitts and Nevis may apply for 10-year multiple-entry US B-1/B-2 visas. Grenadian citizens may also qualify for the US E-2 Investor Visa by investing in an operating American business. Vanuatu citizens may apply for a single-entry US B-1/B-2 visa valid for 3 months. 

Overall, the Caribbean programmes provide stronger access to the US than Vanuatu or Nauru citizenship.

Dominica

Dominica offers the lowest investment threshold among Caribbean CBI programs, starting at $200,000. Applicants can choose between a non-refundable contribution or purchasing approved real estate, which can be resold after 3 years. The program allows investors to include their spouse, children under 30, as well as parents and grandparents over 65.

Grenada

Grenada allows investors to choose between a non-refundable contribution and buying real estate. The minimum threshold is $235,000 for a donation and $270,000 for a property purchase, which can be resold after 5 years.

Spouses, children under 30, parents, grandparents, and siblings over 18 can acquire citizenship alongside investors.

Antigua and Barbuda

Antigua and Barbuda offers three investment options:

• non-refundable contribution of $230,000;
• real estate purchase of $300,000 — property can be sold in 5 years;
• donation to a higher education institution of $260,000 — designed for families of at least 6 people.

Investors can include their spouse, children under 30, parents and grandparents over 55, as well as unmarried siblings in the application.

St Lucia

St Lucia provides four investment options, starting with a non-refundable contribution of at least $240,000. Alternatively, investors can choose to purchase government bonds or real estate for $300,000, both of which can be sold after 5 years. A fourth option is a business investment, requiring a minimum of $250,000. 

Spouses, children under 30, parents over 55, and siblings under 18 of the main investor may be included in the citizenship application.

St Kitts and Nevis

St Kitts and Nevis offers three options:

• non-refundable contribution of $250,000;
• real estate purchase of $325,000 — property can be resold in 7 years;
• investment in Approved Public Benefit Projects of $250,000.

Spouses, children under 25, and parents over 55 can obtain citizenship with the main applicant.

Nauru

Nauru offers citizenship through the Economic and Climate Resilience Citizenship Programme. Applicants make a non-refundable contribution to the Nauru Treasury Fund. The standard minimum contribution is $115,000. A temporary reduction lowers the threshold to $90,000 for applications received by December 31st, 2026[11]. 

Citizenship can be obtained in around 3 months, and applicants are not required to travel to Nauru, reside there, or pass language and history tests.

The investor may include a spouse, children, parents, grandparents, and siblings of either spouse without age restrictions.

How Vanuatu compares to other citizenship by investment options

Vanuatu, Nauru, and Caribbean countries attract global investors with fast processing times and flexible eligibility, positioning their passports as gateways to new markets and greater personal freedom.

Choosing the right program involves balancing costs with visa-free access, approval speed, and family coverage. Many investors also consider additional benefits, such as access to major markets or residency options that align with their long-term goals.

Below is a comparison of the world’s top citizenship by investment programmes, each offering unique advantages.

Best CBI programs comparison

Feature	Vanuatu	Dominica	Antigua and Barbuda	Grenada	St Lucia	St Kitts and Nevis	Nauru
Minimum investment	$130,000	$200,000	$230,000	$235,000	$240,000	$250,000	$90,000
Visa-free countries	94	135	143	138	139	146	87
Obtainment time	2+ months	6+ months	6+ months	8+ months	6+ months	4+ months	3+ months
Family members	Spouse, children under 25, parents over 50	Spouse, children under 30, parents and grandparents over 65	Spouse, children under 30, parents and grandparents over 55, siblings	Spouse, children under 30, parents, grandparents, siblings over 18	Spouse, children under 30, parents over 55, siblings under 18	Spouse, children under 25, parents over 55	Spouse or partner, children, parents, grandparents, and siblings of any age
Main benefit	The fastest processing	Visa-free to China	Cost-effective option for large families	Potential US E-2 Investor Visa	Wide range of investment options	The world’s longest-established CBI programme	The lowest threshold and a fully remote process

Why you should trust us

Immigrant Invest is an authorised representative of the Vanuatu citizenship by investment programme. Before signing an agreement, our Compliance Department conducts a confidential preliminary Due Diligence check to identify possible risks of refusal. We also calculate the full cost in advance, including the investment, government charges, biometrics, and professional fees.

Our lawyers support applicants throughout the entire process, from eligibility assessment and investment option selection to document preparation, government submission, Due Diligence, biometric enrolment, and passport collection. We also provide post-citizenship services when documents need to be renewed or updated.

Immigrant Invest has worked with investment migration programmes since 2006 and has helped thousands of investors and their families. With an international network of offices and a multilingual team, we can coordinate applications across jurisdictions and assist clients in their preferred language.

Key points on obtaining Vanuatu citizenship

1. Vanuatu citizenship can be obtained by birth, descent, marriage, naturalisation, or investment.
2. Benefits of Vanuatu citizenship include visa-free access to 94 countries, the possibility of securing a US B-1/B-2 visa, tax optimisation, and the option to obtain a passport by investment.
3. To become a naturalised citizen, a foreigner must reside in Vanuatu for at least 10 years.
4. The fastest and easiest path to a Vanuatu passport is contributing to the National Development Fund. The minimum sum is $130,000. The passport can be obtained in 2+ months.
5. An alternative to a Vanuatu passport is Caribbean CBI programs, such as those offered by Dominica, Grenada, Antigua and Barbuda, St Lucia, or St Kitts and Nevis. Minimum investment sum is $200,000.

Frequently asked questions

Sources

1. Source: The US Department of State, Travel.State.Gov: Visa classifications and requirements for Vanuatu citizens
2. Source: Vanuatu Citizenship Act, Cap.112
3. Source: Government of Vanuatu, Citizenship’s Office and Commission: Citizenship application requirements and process
4. Source: Vanuatu Department of Immigration and Passport Services: Passport requirements and application procedures
5. Source: The US Department of State, Travel.State.Gov: B-1/B-2 Visitor Visa overview
6. Source: Vanuatu International Companies (Amendment) Act No. 4
7. Source: Vanuatu Customs & Inland Revenue: Information for Learners Driving Licence Holders
8. Source: Vanuatu Customs & Inland Revenue: Information for Drivers Licence Holders
9. Source: Vanuatu Customs & Inland Revenue: Change of VAT rate to 15%
10. Source: EUR-Lex: Regulation (EU) 2025/11 of the European Parliament and of the Council
11. Source: Nauru Economic and Climate Resilience Citizenship Program: Contribution requirements